How to install kali linux

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How to Install Kali Linux in VirtualBox or VMware

Kali Linux, a popular penetration testing and ethical hacking operating system, can be run in a virtual environment using software like VirtualBox or VMware. Running Kali Linux virtually ensures you can experiment without affecting your host system. Here’s a step-by-step guide to installing Kali Linux in VirtualBox or VMware.

Requirements

Before you begin, ensure you have the following:

  • System Requirements: At least 4 GB RAM (8 GB recommended), 20 GB of free disk space, and a modern CPU with virtualization support.
  • Virtualization Software: Download and install either VirtualBox or VMware Workstation Player.
  • Kali Linux ISO or VM Image: Download the ISO file or the pre-built VM image from the Kali Linux official website.

Install VirtualBox or VMware

VirtualBox:

  1. Download VirtualBox from the official website and install it.
  2. During installation, allow VirtualBox to install network adapters if prompted.

VMware:

  1. Download VMware Workstation Player from its official site.
  2. Install the software and follow the on-screen instructions.

Create a New Virtual Machine

For VirtualBox:

  1. Open VirtualBox and click on New.
  2. Enter the name of your virtual machine (e.g., “Kali Linux”).
    • Type: Linux
    • Version: Debian (64-bit)
  3. Allocate RAM. Recommended: 2048 MB (2 GB) or more.
  4. Create a virtual hard disk.
    • Choose VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image).
    • Dynamically allocated storage is recommended.
    • Set a size of at least 20 GB.

For VMware:

  1. Open VMware Workstation Player and select Create a New Virtual Machine.
  2. Choose the Kali Linux ISO or VM image downloaded earlier.
  3. Allocate RAM (at least 2 GB) and assign the number of processors/cores.
  4. Specify disk size (20 GB or more) and choose whether to store the virtual disk as a single file or split it into multiple files.

Configure the Virtual Machine

For VirtualBox:

  1. Go to the Settings of your virtual machine.
  2. Under System > Processor, enable PAE/NX and allocate 2 or more cores if possible.
  3. Under Storage, add the Kali Linux ISO file by clicking on the Empty Disk and selecting Choose a disk file.
  4. Under Network, select NAT or Bridged Adapter for internet access.

For VMware:

  1. In the virtual machine settings, ensure the ISO file is connected as the CD/DVD drive.
  2. Under the Processor and Memory sections, allocate sufficient resources.
  3. Set the network connection to NAT or Bridged as required.

Boot and Install Kali Linux

  • Start the virtual machine.
  • When prompted, choose the Graphical Install option.
  • Follow the on-screen installation steps:
    • Select your language, region, and keyboard layout.
    • Configure the hostname and domain name (optional).
    • Create a user account and password.
    • Partition the disk. Choose Guided – use entire disk for simplicity.
    • Proceed with the installation and wait for it to complete.

Post-Installation Setup

  1. Remove the installation ISO:
    • In VirtualBox, go to Settings > Storage and remove the ISO file.
    • In VMware, disconnect the ISO from the virtual CD/DVD drive.
  2. Restart your virtual machine.
  3. Update your system:
     
    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

Optional: Install VMware Tools or VirtualBox Guest Additions

These tools improve performance, resolution, and device compatibility.

For VirtualBox:

  1. Go to Devices > Insert Guest Additions CD Image.
  2. Run the installation script inside the virtual machine.

For VMware:

  1. Install VMware Tools by selecting the option in the VMware Player menu.
  2. Follow the instructions inside Kali Linux to complete the installation.

Final Checks

  • Test your internet connection and tools like ping or browser access.
  • Ensure your Kali Linux virtual machine is working smoothly.

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